30 Sec Answer: The exact cause of ADHD is still unknown, however it has been linked to environmental and genetic factors.
What is ADHD?
ADHD stands for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, and it is a mental health disorder characterized by difficulty paying attention, impulsivity, hyperactivity, or a combination of all three. It is often diagnosed in childhood, but can continue into adulthood as well. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, about 11% of children between 4-17 years old have been diagnosed with ADHD as of 2016.
Potential Causes
The exact cause of ADHD is still unknown, but researchers have identified several potential causes that may play a role in its development.
Genetics
Research suggests that genetics may play a role in the development of ADHD. Studies have found that certain genes may make people more likely to develop the condition than others. In addition, if one parent has ADHD there is an increased chance that their children will also develop it.
Brain Structure and Functioning
Studies have also found differences in brain structure and functioning among people with ADHD compared to those without it. People with ADHD tend to have lower levels of activity in certain parts of the brain involved in attention and executive functioning (e.g., working memory). Additionally, some research suggests that people with ADHD may have smaller brains overall compared to those without the disorder.
Environmental Factors
Environmental factors may also play a role in the development of ADHD. These include exposure to toxins such as lead during early life, low birth weight, premature delivery, smoking or alcohol use during pregnancy, or being born to teenage parents. All these factors can increase the risk for developing ADHD later on in life.
Signs & Symptoms
People with ADHD typically exhibit symptoms such as difficulty paying attention, difficulty controlling impulses or behaviors, excessive talking or fidgeting, difficulty following directions, forgetfulness, disorganization, procrastination, and emotional outbursts. They may also have trouble regulating their emotions or struggle with anxiety or depression.
Diagnosis & Treatment
In order to diagnose someone with ADHD a doctor will typically conduct psychological testing and assess any reported symptoms before making a diagnosis. There are two types of treatment options available: medication and behavioral therapy (e.g., cognitive-behavioral therapy). Medication is usually used when symptoms interfere with daily activities or relationships; while behavioral therapy can help teach people strategies to manage their symptoms and improve their social skills and problem solving abilities.
Effects On Education & Employment
For those who suffer from undiagnosed or untreated ADHD they may experience difficulties in school due to their inability to focus or complete tasks on time; which can lead to poor academic performance or even dropping out of school altogether. Similarly at work they might be more prone to making mistakes due to lack of focus or concentration; leading to problems with job retention or promotion opportunities down the line.
Consequences On Mental Health
Living with undiagnosed or untreated ADHD can lead to other mental health issues such as depression, anxiety disorders, substance abuse problems, learning disabilities or sleep disturbances; due to the frustration associated with not being able to control your own thoughts or actions effectively enough despite wanting too much better results.
Long-term Outlook
Fortunately though most cases of ADHD can be managed through medication and behavior therapy; allowing individuals to go on living normal lives and achieve success both academically and professionally regardless of having this condition present throughout life . This means that although it is difficult at first getting help for your condition it should ultimately prove beneficial once proper treatment is obtained; enabling you not only control your own thoughts and behavior better but also reap rewards in terms of greater self-esteem , confidence , motivation , improved productivity , higher educational attainment etc .
Conclusion
Although the exact cause of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder remains unknown , research indicates that both genetic predisposition as well environmental factors contribute towards its manifestation ; resulting in various signs & symptoms which can affect many areas such as academics , employment , mental health etc . However these difficulties can usually be overcome through appropriate diagnosis & treatment measures over time so those affected can live successful & productive lives just like anyone else .